The Florentine Francesco Rosselli (ca. 1448-ca. 1513) was one of the leading miniaturists, engravers, printers, and cosmographers of the early sixteenth century. In Florence—and earlier in Venice—he ran one of the most active workshops for the production of maps, townscapes, and art prints. His cartographic output notably includes an unusual gathering dated 1508. It comprises two maps and a universal sea chart, all burin-engraved, printed on three sheets, and pasted together to form a single document. This production represents a synthesis of all the forms of universal cartography of the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. The maps incorporate the latest discoveries by Portuguese and Spanish navigators, from the voyages of Bartolomeu Dias (1450-1500) to those of Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512), and John Cabot (?-ca. 1498). Rosselli was the first to use the oval projection, later adopted by the leading mapmakers of the sixteenth century. He was also the first to represent the entire surface of the terrestrial globe within a cartographic grid covering all 360 degrees of longitude and 180 degrees of latitude. Unlike Waldseemüller's (ca. 1470-ca. 1520) map, designed just one year earlier, Rosselli's map conjectures the existence of an Antarctic continent; he depicts the New World of Columbus and Vespucci as a continent separate from the northern part discovered by Cabot, which he represents instead as a part of Asia. The sea chart translates the cosmographic and cartographic content of the world map into the distinctive style of portolan maps, with wind roses and rhumb lines.